ABSTRACT Headache in pediatric age is a common and disabling clinical condition characterized by complexity and wide clinical variability, often underestimated and undertreated, requiring early intervention. The diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of the cephalalgic patient requires an integrated and multidisciplinary approach that synergistically combines lifestyle, psychological support, and pharmacological therapy. Acute attack therapy primarily uses [...]

ABSTRACT Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are among the leading causes of pediatric consultations, Emergency Department visits, and hospital admissions during the first years of life, imposing a substantial clinical, organizational, and economic burden on the National Health Service. In recent years, the epidemiology of pediatric respiratory infections has changed considerably following the COVID-19 pandemic, the [...]

ABSTRACT Physical activity during school age plays a key role in children’s growth and psychophysical well-being. In non-competitive young athletes, nutrition should support development, metabolic health and healthy eating habits rather than athletic performance. Proper meal organization, including breakfast, main meals and snacks, together with appropriate meal timing and adherence to Mediterranean dietary principles, represents [...]

ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence is an integral part of the lives of most Italian teenagers. Teenagers ask GenAI for advice on health and fitness, talk to AI about their concerns and seek advice on managing friendships or relationships, and use chatbots for company, especially when they are bored or lonely. These uses of AI by teenagers [...]

ABSTRACT Improved survival among children with chronic, rare, severe neurological or oncological diseases has led to the emergence of a population with complex and long-term care needs. Paediatric complexity results from the interaction of disease burden, functional impairment, technology dependence and family context. Care requires multidisciplinary coordination, an Individualized Care Plan, family-centred care, early palliative [...]

ABSTRACT Head trauma (HT) is one of the most frequent reasons for paediatric emergency department (ED) visits. The vast majority of cases are mild and require neither active treatment nor neuroimaging; however, a minority of patients may develop a clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI), associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The clinician’s challenge in [...]

ABSTRACT Vaccination represents one of the most effective public health interventions. Post-vaccination fever and pain, although generally mild and transient adverse reactions, may generate anxiety among parents and caregivers. Scientific evidence shows that ibuprofen and paracetamol are the only antipyretics recommended in pediatric patients, with comparable efficacy in controlling fever and pain and a similar [...]

ABSTRACT Nutraceuticals are nutrients naturally present in foods or extracted from them. Since they are not considered drugs, the marketing of a nutraceutical is not bound to the execution of a clinical study that proves its real effectiveness. But having a production cycle that is less controlled compared to a drug does not mean that [...]

ABSTRACT Adverse food reactions in childhood represent a clinical field marked by a growing gap between actual prevalence and perceived burden. While the true prevalence of food allergy is estimated at around 8%, a substantially higher proportion of families report suspected food intolerances or allergies, often based on non-validated diagnostic tests. This discrepancy poses significant [...]